Cybersecurity Evaluation: OpenAI o1, Anthropic Claude, and GPT-4o

📌 The US and UK AI Safety Institute, with contributions from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), conducted a detailed evaluation of OpenAI’s o1 model. The study also compared its performance with other AI models, including Anthropic’s Claude and GPT4o, across cybersecurity-related tasks, using structured Capture the Flag (CTF) challenges as a testing framework.

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🔍 Conclusion

The o1 model successfully completed 45% of vulnerability discovery tasks and 38% of exploitation tasks (Pass@10). While it performed well in focused areas like cryptographic analysis, it struggled with complex, multi-step challenges, highlighting the need for human expertise in advanced scenarios.

📖 The study took a detailed look at how the o1 AI model handles specific cybersecurity challenges, like finding vulnerabilities, exploiting them, solving cryptographic problems, and performing network operations. The main goal was to see how well the model could fit into cybersecurity workflows, where it shines, where it falls short, and how it stacks up against existing tools and human skills.

The report acknowledges contributions from researchers:

- Adam Shinn, Joseph Labash, Raymond Knight, Lidia Bossens, Daniel Richter, and Andy Z. Chen: Contributions on reasoning and acting in AI models.

- Richard Fang, Rohan Bindu, Akul Gupta, Qiusi Zhan, and Daniel Kang: Research on zero-day vulnerability exploitation.

- Jon M. Laurent, Joseph D. Janizek, Michael Ruzo, Michaela M. Hinks, Michael J. Hammerling, Siddharth Narayanan, Manvitha Ponnapati, Andrew D. White, and Samuel G. Rodriques: Contributions to the LAB-Bench project, referenced in the study.

- Qian Huang, Jian Vora, Percy Liang, and Jure Leskovec: Developers of the MLAgentBench framework used to evaluate AI performance.

Thank you, Kevin Klyman and Luca Sambucci for sharing this interesting study 🙏

📚 Read More: https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/11/pre-deployment-evaluation-anthropics-upgraded-claude-35-sonnet